Some Problems with Online Proctoring Software
Some Problems with Online Proctoring Software
Student Survey
» SRJC Online Student Experience Survey
Presentations
» SRJC Student Government Assembly 2/22/2021 (PDF)
» SRJC Academic Senate 2/3/2021 (PDF)
Alternatives to Using Online Proctoring Software
Univ of Lousiana: Alternatives to Online Proctoring Kentucky Comm Colleges: Alternatives to Proctored Exams Tech College System of Georgia: Proctored Exam Alternatives
Opinion Essays on EdTech Surveillance
ACLU of California: Student Rights During the COVID-19 Pandemic Josh Eyler: The Science of Learning vs. Proctoring Software Charles Logan: Refusal, Partnership, and Countering Educational Technology’s Harms Jeffrey Moro: Against Cop Shit Diane Ravitch: Should Students Wear a Galvanic Skin Response Bracelet? Shea Swauger: Our Bodies Encoded: Algorithmic Test Proctoring in Higher Education Audrey Watters: The 100 Worst Ed-Tech Debacles of the Decade
Scholarly Research on Online Proctoring Software
arXiv: Good Proctor or “Big Brother”? AI Ethics and Online Exam Supervision Technologies (preprint)Simon Coghlan, Tim Miller, and Jeannie Paterson, University of Melbourne, Australia In the following ethical analysis, we identify and critically explore the key moral values of academic integrity, fairness, non-maleficence, transparency, privacy, autonomy, liberty, and trust as they apply to OP technologies... In this paper, we suggest that OP platforms are neither a silver bullet for remote invigilation nor, as some would have it, a completely “evil” technology [Grajek, 2020]. This ethical analysis will help to inform concerned individuals while setting out important ethical considerations for educational institutions who are considering OP platforms, including how they might devise appropriate governance frameworks for their use and remain accountable for their decisions.
Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning: The impact of proctored online exams on the educational experience (abstract)Anna S. Milone, PharmD, Angela M. Cortese, PharmD, BCPS, Rebecca L. Balestrieri, MEd, Amy L. Pittenger, PharmD, PhD, University of Minnesota College of Pharmacy, Minneapolis, MN Over half of the students indicated that the use of ProctorU would influence their future decision to take another online course, either negatively or positively.
EDUCAUSE: COVID-19 QuickPoll Results: Grading and ProctoringSusan Grajek, EDUCAUSE Research Notes At least some institutions find their constituents are highly conflicted about the entire approach of remote proctoring. Many are honor code institutions, which require that all students pledge to adhere to the code and help monitor academic and sometimes social misconduct. Proctoring technologies would contravene their culture of trust.
Innovative Learning and Teaching: Experiments Across the Disciplines: Under the Watchful Eye of Online Proctoringfrom Innovative Learning and Teaching: Experiments Across the Disciplines , Ilene D. Alexander and Robert K. Poch, Editors While studies done by Lanier (2006) found higher rates of cheating online, (Harmon & Lambrinos, 2008; Grijalva, Nowell, & Kerkvliet 2006), others such as Hart and Morgan (2010) and Stuber-McEwen, Wisely, and Hoggatt (2009) found lower rates of academic dishonesty online compared to those in traditional settings.
International Journal of E-Learning & Distance Education: 21st Century Assessment: Online Proctoring, Test Anxiety, and Student PerformanceDaniel Woldeab1, Metropolitan State University – College of Individualized Studies and Thomas Brothen, University of Minnesota – Department of Psychology This study shows that high trait test anxiety results in lower exam scores and that this is especially true for those students with high text anxiety taking exams in an online proctored setting.
Journal of the National College Testing: Academic Dishonesty and Testing: How Student Beliefs and Test Settings Impact Decisions to CheatJarret M. Dyer, College of Dupage, Heidi C. Pettyjohn, M.A., University Of Cincinnati, Steve Saladin, Ph.D., University Of Idaho Examination of the comments provided by 177 of the 484 subjects indicated that a subset of the sample (approximately 18% of those providing written comments) expressed the belief that if an exam was not proctored, it was assumed that students would use all resources at their disposal.
APA: Nonverbal Overload: A Theoretical Argument for the Causes of Zoom FatigueJeremy N. Bailenson, Stanford University The first peer-reviewed study that systematically analyzes Zoom fatigue from a psychological perspective has been published in the journal Technology, Mind and Behavior.
Articles on Online Proctoring Software
Bloomberg Law: Student Proctoring Software Gets First Test Under EU Privacy Law Business Insider: Students are protesting tech tools that police them like criminals College Confidential: HELP ive been accused of cheating (proctorio) Consumer Reports: Poor Security at Proctortrack Online Proctoring Related: Ohio U: Online Proctoring Survey Results
Daily Nexus: UCSB Faculty Association Issues Letter Advising Against the Use of ProctorU Testing Services EdSurge News: Pushback Is Growing Against Automated Proctoring Services. But So Is Their Use Erasmus Magazine: Students sue university over webcam-monitored exams Legal Cheek: Proctoring problems: Bar students urinate in bottles and buckets over fears online exams will be terminated MIT Technology Review: Software that monitors students during tests perpetuates inequality and violates their privacy Parent Coalition for Student Privacy: Top 10 Back-to-School Student Privacy Tips and Resources for Parents Slashdot: Cheating-Detection Software Provokes 'School-Surveillance Revolt' VentureBeat: ExamSoft’s remote bar exam sparks privacy and facial recognition concerns The Verge: University will stop using controversial remote-testing software following student outcry Vice News: Schools Are Abandoning Invasive Proctoring Software After Student Backlash Vice News: Students Are Easily Cheating 'State-of-the-Art' Test Proctoring Tech Vice News: Proctorio Is Using Racist Algorithms to Detect Faces Vox: Online proctoring services pose privacy concerns for remote learning
Neoliberal Perspectives
Top 5 Myths Of Online Remote Test Proctoring Author Derek Newton identifies himself on his LinkedIn profiles: "Recognized expert in message development, media and public relations with more than 20 years experience selling people, ideas and organizations worldwide."
Articles on Proctorio and McGraw-Hill Partnership
Fight for the Future: Tell McGraw-Hill to Drop Proctorio Fight for the Future: 2000 Parents Call on McGraw-Hill Publishing to End Partnership with Proctorio Slashdot: 2,000 Parents Demand Major Academic Publisher Drop Proctorio Surveillance Tech Vice: 2,000 Parents Demand Major Academic Publisher Drop Proctorio Surveillance Tech McGraw Hill: McGraw Hill and Proctorio have partnered to seamlessly incorporate assessment integrity tools within Connect
Articles on Unethical Business Practices of Proctorio
Concordia University: Against Online Proctoring Lento Law Firm: Student Discipline Defense: Proctorio and Online Cheating The Peak: Proctorio faces backlash after CEO breaches privacy of UBC student Slashdot: Proctoring Software Company Used DMCA To Take Down a Student's Critical Tweets TechCrunch: Proctorio used DMCA to take down a student’s critical tweets Techdirt: Anti-Cheat Student Software Proctorio Issuing DMCA Takedowns Of Fair Use Critiques Over Its Code Twitter: Proctorio requested retraction of an article by Shea Swauger critical of algorithmic proctoring in the peer-reviewed journal @HybridPed The Verge: An ed-tech specialist spoke out about remote testing software — and now he’s being sued
Proctorio Terms of Service Edits + Ethics
Reddit: PSA: As per Proctorio's own Terms of Service, instructors CANNOT force you to use Proctorio and must provide options for alternatives! Reddit: PSA Part 2: As of last night, Proctorio has removed the clause in their terms and conditions stating the instructors cannot force students to use Proctorio and must provide alternatives. Proctorio Removes Language Requiring Alternatives Be Offered
Proctorio recently released a blog post entitled "Ethical Usage of Our Technology." A Google Cache of the original page shows the posting stated: "Students may not be mandated to use Proctorio. Institutions should provide alternate modes of assessment that do not affect the student’s ability to pass an exam or course." On September 16th, 2020, however, it was changed to the current version that simply says "Institutions should be flexible for students who request or require alternate arrangements or modes of assessment, in a way that is in line with their institution policy."
Proctorio Blog: Ethical Usage of Our Technology
Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) Resources
Electronic Frontier Foundation: Proctoring Apps Subject Students to Unnecessary Surveillance Electronic Frontier Foundation: Students Are Pushing Back Against Proctoring Surveillance Apps
Electronic Privacy Information Clearinghouse (EPIC) Resources
EPIC: In re Online Test Proctoring Companies ...five major providers of online test proctoring services have engaged in unfair and deceptive trade practices in violation of the D.C. Consumer Protection Procedures Act (DCCPPA) and the Federal Trade Commission Act... EPIC: Proctorio senate response 01.07.21 (pdf)
Stanford University Resources
Stanford University: Honor Code STANFORD magazine: Whose Idea Was That?
Hacking and Cheating Resources
Thom Wiggers: Dissecting Proctorio GitHub: strix/canvas-hack: Discovering different vulnerabilities in Canvas Jake Binstein: How to Cheat with Proctortrack, Examity, and the Rest YouTube: HOW TO CHEAT ON AN ONLINE PROCTORED EXAM!! 😏🤫🔥 unethicallifehacks: Looking to learn how to cheat on online proctored exams Reddit: Has anyone else taken a glean at Proctorio's unpacked extension source? Erik Johnson: Twunroll thread on Proctorio extension details
Other Examples of EdTech Surveillance Software
Google for Education: Originality reports (product) ZDNet: I looked at all the ways Microsoft Teams tracks users and my head is spinning
Related SRJC Links
SRJC Academic Senate President's Report 4.15.20 (pdf) Educational Tools | Distance Education Distance Education Proctoring Services | Testing & Support Services Center SRJC Spring 2021 sections identifying requirement for use of proctored exams: ANAT 1 SRJC Spring 2021 sections identifying requirement for use of proctored exams: ANAT 40 SRJC Spring 2021 sections identifying requirement for use of proctored exams: MATH 1A SRJC Spring 2021 sections identifying requirement for use of proctored exams: MATH 1B SRJC Spring 2021 sections identifying requirement for use of proctored exams: MATH 15 SRJC Spring 2021 sections identifying requirement for use of proctored exams: MATH 58 SRJC Spring 2021 sections identifying requirement for use of proctored exams: MATH 154 SRJC Spring 2021 sections identifying requirement for use of proctored exams: PHYSIO 1 Electronic Code of Federal Regulations: EPA Section 608 (search in page for "proctor" to observe regulations do not allow for automated proctoring, since such software cannot meet requirements) Proctorio: Chrome Web Store Proctorio: Terms of Service Proctorio: Why can proctored exams only be taken by test takers?
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